Typewriting machine



Feb. 6, 1934. Q G. G01N@ 1,945,893

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Oct. l5, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 TE. l

w C0 N3 E n a l INVENTOR VWTNESSES Feb. 6, 1934.l G. G. GOING TYPEWRITING MACHINE l5 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Oct MV Evi/@AM ATTORNEY Patented Feb. 6, 1934 i Y 1,945,893

Unirse STATES PATENT OFFICE TYPEWRITING MACHINE George G. Going, Glenbrook, Conn., assignor to Remington Typewriter Company, Ihon, N. Y.,

a corporation of New York e Application October 15, 1931. Serial No. 568,971

23' Claims. (Cl. 197-161) My invention relates to typewriting and. like stricted to use in such machine, but maybe emmachines and more particularly to ribbon feed bodied in typewriting and like machinesgenerally, and automatically operating reversing mechawherever found available. 'nism therefor. l 4It is one of the objects of the present invention The main object of my invention, generally to provideasimple yethighly-efcientribbon feedgu stated, is to provide a very simpley and inexpenand automatically operating reversing mechasive, yet highly eicient mechanism of thecharnism for typewriting and like machinesvof such acter referred to. character that nearly all of the parts vthereof To the above and other ends which will hereinmay be made from sheet metal and the mecha-` after appear, my invention consists in the feanism may be constructed and assembled at an .55ttures of construction, arrangements of parts and extremely low cost. f e combinations of devices hereinafter described and With these ends in view I mount the main horiparticularly pointed out in the appended claims. zontally disposeddriving shaft 1 of the ribbony In the accompanying drawings, wherein like feed mechanism in bearing openings in the sheet reference characters indicate corresponding metal-side plates-Z'of the frame of the machine. 705.-; parts in the different views- This shaft extends transversely of the machinev f Fig. 1 is a fragmentary, enlarged, detail, verand is free to turn and to be moved longitudinally tical sectional view of the construction, the secin said bearing openings and projects atits ends tion being taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2 and beyond said side plates2to provide finger pieces 1"=L looking in the direction of the arrows at said by which the shaft may beeturned` to hand feed 75(51 line. the ribbon or may be employed to shift the shaft 1- Fig. 2 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary top longitudinally, when desired, to reverse the direc- 5 plan view of the same. tion of feed of the ribbon by hand. 1

Fig. 3 is an enlarged, detail, perspective view of A main driving ratchet wheel 3 is, or maybe,

one of the ribbon controlled carriers and a porfirmly fastenedtothe shaft l'in the same mantion of one of the interponents or reversing rods ner ,that the ribbon spool driving gears arefascarried thereby. tened tov theshaft, as will be hereinafter ex- Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail, fragmentary, secplained. tional view of the same, the section being taken Two oppositely disposed crown 4drivinggearsV rection of the arrows at said line. feed movement to one or the other of the ribbon Fig. 5 is an enlarged, detail, fragmentary, secspools. vPreferably each of these crown gears .is

tional view of a portion of the ribbon feed mechastruck up from a single piece of sheet metal.

nism, the. section being taken on the line'5--5fof Coacting with the ratchet wheel 3 is afeed Fig. l and looking in the direction of the arrows pawl 6 of sheet metal'and having parallel ears 90m at sadline. 7 Vby which it is pivotedat 8 to'an upwardly f Fig. 6 is an enlarged, detail, sectional view .extending arm 9 on a sheet` vmetal universal bar taken through one of the driving gears and showl0. Said universal is pivoted at 11 on arms 12 ing the parts as they appear before said gear is cfa supporting frame or casting 13. From an Xed on its driving shaft. inspectionof Fig. .1, it .will 'be seen that a .projec- 9m Fig. 7 is an enlarged, detail, end view of the tionz14 near the heel of each type bar 15, pivi same gear after it is xed on its shaft, the latter oted at 16 on thesegment which forms part of being shown in section on the line of its engaging the casting 13,' coacts with and/actuates theuninotch. versal bar as a type bar approaches theplaten Fig. 8 is an enlarged, detail sectional view 17. The universal bar thus actuated vibrates 100 taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 'l and showing the the; feed pawl E5 to turn the ratchet wheel 3, and parts as they appear when the gear is fixed to' the `the shaft l and drivingiwheels 4 and 5 a 'correshaft. spending distance. A sheet metal holding pawlY Fig.` 9 is an enlarged, detail face view of the 18 is pivoted on'the pivot screws l1v and'coacts My invention is shown, in the present instance, ward movement during the return movementiof i embodied in a typewriting machine such as is the feed-pawl to normal positionafter having disclosed in my copending application Ser. No. advanced the ratchet Whee1;3 ..A`singlel con- 53s,429, nieu May 19, 1931. V11: shoum be under- V traeme spring 19, is conneetedatone endtothe* on the line 4 4 of Fig. 2 and looking in the di- 4 and 5 are xed on the shaft l ,for transmitting 85,1*

endless detent spring. with the ratchet wheel v3 to hold it against back- 1053i stood, however, that the invention Visi-not re-` -feed pawl 6 and atfits; other-'end to'theholding 11o-2.,;

pawl 18; holding both of said pawls in engagement with the ratchet wheel 3. From an inspection of Fig. 2 it will be seen that both the feeding pawl 6 and holding pawl 13 are of sufficient width to coact with the ratchet wheel 3 in either of the positions to which it may be shifted with the shaft 1 in the longitudinal shifting movement of the latter.

Each of the crown gears 4 and 5 is adapted to coact with spur teeth on a driven gear 20 carried by and riveted to the lower end of an upv right shaft 21 by which the companion ribbon spool 22 is driven. Each shaft 21 extends at right angles to the main drivingshaft 1, and is received at its lower endportion in a bearing 13a in the casting 13, whereas, the upper end portion of the shaft is received in a bearing opening in an inturned bracket arm 23 formed on a side plate 2 of the frame. Y

k In the present instance each ribbon spool 22 is detachably Vconnected to its driving shaft 21 to turn therewith by the following means:

A centrally pierced connecting washer 24 for each spool is provided with oppositely disposed notches 25 in the edges thereof. In these notches Yis received depending lugs 26 struck from the lower ange of the associated ribbon spool to connect each washer and its spool to turn together but permit the latter to be lifted up oif and disconnected from the washer when desired.A The upper end of each shaft passes freely through a bearing opening-in an angularr ribbon guide 27 slotted at 28 in its upright arm -to' receive and guide the ribbon a as it passes from one spool to the other. Each washer V24 bears against the upper end of the companion shaft 21 and is clamped thereto by a shoulder 29 of a screw 30. The shoulder 29 is formed at the point where the elongated head-of the screw joins a reduced shank 31 threaded atvits lower end portion Where is is received in a tapped openingin the upper end portionof the oompanion spool shaft 21. The stem 31 of the screw passes Vthrough the central opening in the companion Washer 24, whereas the elongated head of the screw provides a support which receives theV hub'32 of the companion spool and holds'it centered on the associated washer 24 that is clamped to the shaft by said screw- It will be understood that each shaft 21 lwith its screw 30 is supported in place by the associated washer 24 bearing against the companion ribbon guidev 27 which in turn is supported by the companion bracket arm 23.` On the other hand the Vspur gear 20 at the lower end of each shaft'21 bears upward against the companion bearing 13a of the casting 13 and prevents an upward displacement of the shaft. Y Y Y Y It also` will be understood, of course, that the longitudinalwposition of the Ashaft 1 determines which spool 22 shall be driven through the. co-

operation of its'driving gear 4 or 5 `with the-associated driven gear 20 to wind the ribbon on saiddriven spool, and that when one of said driving gears 4 or 5 is thrown into mesh with its companion drivengear 20, the other driving` A ing the shaft 1 longitudinallyas indicated above when the ribbon is about exhausted from one spool, thus automatically changingthe direction of-feed of the ribbon.

vSuch means will now bedescribed.

A sheet metal ribbon'controlled carrier, controlling member or lever which is shown in detail in Fig. 3, is associated with each ribbon spool. In each instance this device is indicated asa whole by the reference numeral 33 and comprises an arm, follower or contact member 34 that is adapted to pass between the flanges of the associated ribbon spool and bear against the outer surface of the ribbon wound thereon only after the ribbon is almost completely wound thereon, as indicated at the right-hand side of Fig. 2. Eachrcontrolling member 3,3 is provided lwith pivots or lugs 35 projecting fromv the top and bottomedges thereof andintermediate its ends. The lower lug 35 is received in a pivot opening 36 in the companion bracket arm 23, whereas, the upper pivot lug is received in a pivot 'opening 37 in a top plate member 33 (see Fig.

4) detachably secured to the side plates 2 of the frame.

Intermediate its ends each member 33 is provided with an integral leaf spring 39 struck up from the body portion of said member and adapt-v ed to bear against the inner face of the adjacent side plate 2 of the frame, as shown in Fig. 2. The force of this spring tends to maintain its'associated member 33 in the position shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 2, and with the arm 34 thereof out of contact with the ribbon on the associated spool until the ribbon is nearly fully wound thereon. When the ribbon is nearly fully Wound on a spool-such wound ribbon will engage the arm 34 of the associated controlling member 33 and shift it a small distance from the position shown at the left-hand side of Fig. 2 to a position corresponding tothat indicated at the right-hand side of said iigure.

A second arm 40 on each carrier 33 extends therefrom on the opposite side of the companion shaft 21 and has a terminal portion 40a bent at anV angle to the body portion of said arm 40; Vat right angles thereto Yin lthe present-instance. A key-hole slot is formed in the arm 4-40a across the angle thereof; the enlarged portion 4l of said slot being -in the bent Vdo-wn.terminal portion 40a, whereas the contracted portion 42 of the slot is in the horizontal body portion ofthe arm 40. Y

`A reversing or controlling member or rod 43 is Yprovided with a circumferential groove 44 therein. This member is in the nature of a Wedging member or floating interponent preferably serrated longitudinally at 45 to provide an efective'surface for the engagement of theY teeth of the companion driving and driven gearstherewith as will presently appear.V Each of these rods 43 is loosely suspended by'a swivel connection fro-m its upper end-on the companion carrier 33 and is free to: swing at its lower end in .merely necessary to rstturn the rod to a'position other than that which itassumes when in use in the machine; to substantially a horizontal position in the present instance. Then insert the grooved end of the rod through the enlarged opening 42 until the groove 44 in the rod registers with the contracted portion V42 ofthe opening. Then turn the rod down to its-position of use so that the rod will assume a posi- 'tion such vas that shown in Fig. 3 with walls of the narrow part 42 of the slot `received in the groove 44, thus suspending the rod at its upper Vend on the carrier for free swinging movementy atits lower rend. Y

When the parts are thus disposed the rod will hang down either into the bight between the associated driving and driven gears, and in contactive engagement with the teeth thereof as shown at the right-hand side of Fig. 2, or out of contactive engagement with said gears, as shown at the left-hand side of said gure. Whether the reversing rod 43 is in one or the other of these positions depends on the position of the associated controlling member 33 which carries it. The tendency of the spring 39 of each controlling member 33 is to hold the associated reversing rod out of cooperating relation with its companion gears. When, however, a spool is nearly filled, as shown at the right-hand side of Fig. 2, the ribbon being wound on such spool will gradually shift the companion controlling member 33 from the position indicated at the left-hand side of Fig. 2 to that indicated at the right-hand side thereof thus shifting the companion rod 43 into contactive engagement with the companion driving and driven gears. It will be understood from an inspection of Fig. 5 that each interponent or reversing rod 43, when moved to effective position, will rst be carried by its carrier 33 into the bight between the two companion gears and will rest lightly by its own weight against the teeth thereof. The serrations in the rod thus engaged by the teeth of the gears aid in causing the gears to carry the lower end of the rod along with and between them, as indicated in Fig. 5; the rod progressing successively from the uppermost dotted line position to the full line position as the parts are shown in said figure. The reversing rod in being thus moved along with and between the gears acts as a wedge and by its wedging action separates the intermeshed gears, shifting the shaft 1 longitudinally to the left, as the parts are shown in Fig. 5. This results in throwing the driving gear 4 for the other ribbon spool into mesh with its companion driven gear 20, and in turning the left-hand spool clockwise and reversing therdirection of feed of the ribbon.Y The ribbon then continues to be wound on the left-hand spool until it is almost fully wound thereon when the left-hand gears will be automatically separated as described above, thus again driving the righthand spool through its gearing and again winding the ribbon on the right-hand spool.

It will be understood that even though a reversing rod 43 remains in the bight between the companion gears of a fully wound spool until ribbon has been wound off said spool sufficiently to enable the companion carrier to move said rod to left-hand Fig. 2 position, no harm can result because the associated gears are out of mesh and the gear 20 thereof is moving in the reverse direction at this time and tending to move the companion reversing rod out of the bight between said gears and not into the bight as is the case when the associated gears are in mesh.

By holding the contacts or arm 34 out of contact with the ribbon at all times except when the ribbon is almost fully wound on one of the spools and the direction of the feed of the ribbon is about to be reversed, there is no retardation to the feed of the ribbon by said arms except at such short intervals. Nevertheless, the arms 34 prevent at all times the coils of the ribbon from dropping off or being displaced from between the anges of the spools.

In order to insure a complete longitudinal shifting movement of the shaft 1 at each reversing operation, and prevent the shaft from. being accidentally displaced from its shifted position, I provide a novel spring detent mechanism which is very simple in construction and cheap to manufacture and assemble. This mechanism will now be described.

Referring more particularly to Fig. 5 it will be seen that the right-hand end portion of the shaft 1 not only extends through a bearing opening in a side plate 2 of the frame, but also extends loosely through slots 46 in two adjacent arms n47 of the casting 13. The arms 47 are separated to provide an intervening space 48. The righthand end portion of the shaft 1 has two circumferential grooves 49 therein separated by an intermediate cam 50, having oppositely disposed inclined faces. An endless coiled contractile spring 51, shown in detail in Fig. 19, surrounds the shaft 1 and is seated in one or the other of the grooves 49 therein, depending on the longitudinal position of the shaft l. As the shaft 1 is shifted longitudinally the spring 'will coact with the inner face of one or the other of the arms 47, depending on the direction of shifting movement of the shaft, and hold the spring while the shaft is shifted independently thereof, say, to the rightv in Fig. 5. When the high intermediate portion of the cam 50 passes the spring the contractile force of the latter operating on an inclined face of the cam will complete the longitudinal shifting movement of the shaft, bringing, in the circumstances supposed above, the driving gear 5 into full meshing engagement with its companion gear 20, as shown at the right-hand side of Fig. 2. This results in holding the shaft y1 against accidental displacement from said shifted position. The parts will operate in a like manner when the shaft 1 is shifted to the left from the Fig. 2 position, except that the detent spring will complete the movement of the shaft 1 to the left instead of to the right.

As a further aid to the production of an inexpensive construction I prefer to xedly connect each of the gears 4 and 5 and the ratchet wheel 3 to the shaft 1 by the following means and in the manner to be now described.

Referring more particularly to Figs. 6, 7 and 8 it will be seen that the shaft l is provided with notches 52 on opposite sides thereof Where either of the gears 4 and 5 or the ratchet wheel 3 is to be secured to the shaft. The bottom wall 53 of each notch is flat, as shown in Fig. 7, to form an engagement with the companion gear, as will presently appear. The width of each notch 52 corresponds substantially to the thickness of the stock from which the gears 4 and 5 and the ratchet wheel 3 are made. Each of said gears and the ratchet wheel is rst formed with a cup-like formation at the center of the body portion thereof, as indicated at 54 in Fig. 6. The central portion of each gear and the ratchet wheel is pierced with an opening that conforms in shape to the cross section of the shaft 1 where the notches 52 are provided therein. Each of the gears and the wheel are then moved along the shaft until the Walls of the pierced portion thereof register with the companion notch 52. The cupped portion 54 is then flattened to bring it in the same plane as the remainder of the body portion of the wheel or gear, thus forcing the metal into the companion grooves 52, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and firmly connecting the gears and wheel to the shaft without the use of any hubs, screws etc. and without incurring the expense involved in the employment thereof.

The universal bar 10 which. carries the feed and ribbon feed andautomatically operating reversing means for said spools comprising a sheet metal controlling device associated with each ribbon spool, each controlling device being pivoted intermediate its ends and having one arm that constitutes a contact which bears against the ribbon on the associated ribbon spool and also having a spring that causes said arm to bear against the ribbon, and a reversing member carried by the other arm of each of said sheet metal controlling devices, each reversing member being in the nature of a depending rod loosely supported on the companion controlling device, and shiftable ribbon feed devices with which each reversing device coacts.

10. 'Ihe combination of a pair of ribbon spools, and ribbon feed and automatically operating reversing means for said spools comprising a sheet metal controlling device associated with each ribbon spool, each controlling device being pivoted intermediate its ends and having one arm that constitutes a contact which bears against the ribbon on the associated ribbon spool and also having a spring that causes said arm to bear against the ribbon, a reversing member carried by the other arm of each of said sheet metal controlling devices, each reversing member being in the nature of a depending rod loosely and detachably supported on the companion controlling device for universal movement thereon, and relatively shiftable ribbon feed gears with which each reversing device coacts and which are separated by the direct coaction of the companion depending rod with the teeth thereof.

11. The combination of a shaft mounted for turning and for longitudinal shifting movement, means for effecting a turning movement of said shaft at each printing operation, driving gears carried by said shaft, driven gears with which said driving gears are adapted to mesh, ribbon spools driven by said driven gears, the construction and arrangement of the parts being such that one pair of associated driven and driving gears are out of mesh when the other associated pair of such gears are in mesh depending on the longitudinal disposition of said shaft, and ribbon controlled means for shifting said shaft longitudinally comprising a ribbon controlled member associated with each ribbon spool and adapted when the ribbon is about fully wound on its spool to move into position between the companion driven and driving gears and to be carried by the teeth thereof between such gears to separate them and shift said shaft longitudinally.

12. rlhe combination of a universal bar, a ribbon feed pawl actuated thereby, a ratchet wheel driven by said pawl, a shaft mounted for turning and for longitudinal movement and on which said ratchet wheel is mounted, driving gears carried by said shaft, driven gears with which said driving gears are adapted to mesh, ribbon spools driven by said driven gears, the construction and arrangement of the parts being such that one pair of associated driven and driving gears are out of mesh when the other associated pair of such gears are in mesh depending on the longitudinal disposition of said shaft, and ribbon controlled means for shifting said shaft longitudinally comprising a ribbon controlled member associated with each ribbon spool and adapted when the ribbon is about fully wound on its spool to move into position between the companion driven and driving gears and to be carried by the teeth thereof between such gears to separate them and shift said shaft longitudinally.

ydriving gears are out of mesh when the other Vthe associated interponent and by which it is 413. The combination of a type-bar-actuated universal bar, a ribbon feed pawl carried and actuated thereby, a ribbon feed ratchet wheel with `which said pawl coacts, aV shaft mounted for turning and for longitudinal movement and on which said ratchet wheel is xedly mounted, said ribbon feed pawl being of sufficient width to {coact with said ratchet wheel irrespective of the position to which said shaft may be shifted longitudinally, driving gears carried by said shaft, driven gears with which said driving gears are adapted to mesh, ribbon spools driven by said driven gears, the construction and arrangement of the parts being such that one pair of associated driven and associated pair of such gears are in mesh depending on the longitudinal disposition of said shaft, and ribbon controlled means for shifting said shaft longitudinally comprising a ribbon controlled member associated with each ribbon spool and adapted when the ribbon is about fully wound von its spool to move into position between the companion driven and driving gears and to be carried by the teeth thereof between such gears to separate them and shift said shaft longitudinally.

14. The Acombination of a pair of ribbon spools, ribbon feeding means comprising a pair of gears for each spool mounted for relative movement into and out of mesh, and reversing means Vfor eifecting such relative movements of said gears comprising a floating interponent associated with each of said spools and supported only atrits upperfend and free to swing at its lower end in any direction and drop into the bight between its companion gears and be engaged by the teeth thereof and carried along therewith to effect a Vseparation of such associated gears, and a movable Vribbon controlled controlling member for each spool and which constitutes a vsupport for moved into and out of position where it may be engaged by its associated gears.

15. The combination of a pair of rbbonspools, ribbon feeding means comprising a pair of gears for each spool mounted for relative movement into and out of mesh, and reversing means for eifecting such relative movements of said gears comprising a floating interponent associated with each of said spools and supported only at its upper end and free to swing at its lower end in any direction and drop into the bight between its companion gears and be engaged by the teeth thereof and carried along therewith to lelfect a separation of such associated gears, a movable ribbon controlled controlling member for each spool and which constitutes a support for the associated interponent and by which it is moved into and out of position where it may be engaged by its associated gears, and means which enables each of said interponents to be readily attached to or detached from the companion controlling member by moving the interponent to a position at an angle to any position it can assume in the operation of the machine.

16. Ribbon feeding and reversing means com- 14@ prising gears relatively shiftable out of mesh, and means for thus shifting said gears comprising 'a movable ribbon controlled carrier, an interponent carried and movable thereby into and out of cooperative relation with said gears, said inter- '-145 ponent being serrated for engagement with the teeth of the gears, and means for readily connecting and disconnecting said interponent and carrier.

'ist

fwithdrawn from said key-hole slot only whenthe two members are relatively disposed in a posi- Ytionthey do notr assume when in use in the machine. A

' 18. The combination. of a ribbon spool, a screw vwith a shoulder andan elongated head on which said spool is received and by which it is centered, a driving shaft with. which said screw has a threaded connection, a washer intermediate an end of said shaft and the shoulder on said screw and by which the washer is firmly clamped to turn with the shaft, and an interlocking connection between the spool and said washer to cause'the Vtwo to turn together without interfering with the removal of the spool.

19. In a ribbon feed mechanism the combination of a shaft having a notch therein with a fiat bottom Wall, and a sheet metal member having an opening that conforms to the 'cross section of the shaftv at the notched portion thereof and which member is'iiattened from a cup form to secure `the memberY to the shaft at Ythe notched portion thereof. f

20. Ribbon reversing mechanism comprising a Vsheet metal ribbon-controiled controlling-member having one portion thereof bent at an angle to another portion and 'having a key hole slot across the bend thereof with the enlarged portion of the slot to one side of the bend and the contracted V`portion ofthe slot kat theother side of the bend, anda headed reversing device detachably connected with said controlling member, the head of the reversing device passing through Vthe enlarged portion of the key hole slot in assembling the parts and sustained in position in the contracted portion of the slot.

21. Ribbon reversing mechanism comprising a sheetmetal ribbon-controlled controlling-member having one portion thereof bent at an angle to another portion and having a key hole slot across the bend thereof with the enlarged portion of the slot to one side of the bend and the contracted portion of the slot at the other side of the bend, and a headed reversing device detachably connected with said ,controlling member, the head of the reversing device passing through the enlarged portion of the key hole slot inrassem- .85 bling the parts and sustained in position in the contracted portion of the slot, the angular relation of the two parts of the controlling member at opposite sides of the bend therein being Vsuch that the reversing device must assume a position 9G that it does not attain in use in the machine in order to prevent an accidental detachment of the reversing device from said controlling member.

22. The combination of a ribbonspool, a movably mounted ribbon-controlled controllingv '95 member having an arm that bears against and is controlled by the ribbon on the spool when such spool closely approaches a fully wound condition and is then shifted by the ribbon before the latter is fully wound on the spool, ribbon reversing `10o means controlled by said controlling-member, and spring means which bears against a xed part of the machine and tends to hold said controlling member in its normal position out of contact with the ribbon until the spool closely approaches such fully wound condition to return the controlling member to such normal position as the ribbon is unwound from the fully wound spool. Y

23. In a ribbon feed mechanism the combi'na- 110 tion of a shaft having a notch therein intermediate the ends thereof, said notch having a fiat bottom wall, and a toothed sheet Vmetal wheel having a'central opening that conforms to the cross section of the shaft at the notched portion thereof and which Wheel is attened from a cup form to secure the wheel to the shaft at the notched portion thereof.`

GEORGEV G. GOING. 

